The Imitation of Christ
Thomas à Kempis
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The Eleventh Chapter
THE LONGINGS OF OUR HEARTS MUST BE EXAMINED AND MODERATED
THE VOICE OF CHRIST
MY CHILD, it is necessary for you to learn many things which you have not yet
learned well.
THE DISCIPLE
What are they, Lord?
THE VOICE OF CHRIST
That you conform your desires entirely according to My good pleasure, and be
not a lover of self but an earnest doer of My will. Desires very often inflame
you and drive you madly on, but consider whether you act for My honor, or for
your own advantage. If I am the cause, you will be well content with whatever I
ordain. If, on the other hand, any self-seeking lurk in you, it troubles you
and weighs you down. Take care, then, that you do not rely too much on
preconceived desire that has no reference to Me, lest you repent later on and
be displeased with what at first pleased you and which you desired as being for
the best. Not every desire which seems good should be followed immediately,
nor, on the other hand, should every contrary affection be at once rejected.
It is sometimes well to use a little restraint even in good desires and
inclinations, lest through too much eagerness you bring upon yourself
distraction of mind; lest through your lack of discipline you create scandal
for others; or lest you be suddenly upset and fall because of resistance from
others. Sometimes, however, you must use violence and resist your sensual
appetite bravely. You must pay no attention to what the flesh does or does not
desire, taking pains that it be subjected, even by force, to the spirit. And it
should be chastised and forced to remain in subjection until it is prepared for
anything and is taught to be satisfied with little, to take pleasure in simple
things, and not to murmur against inconveniences.
The Twelfth Chapter
ACQUIRING PATIENCE IN THE FIGHT AGAINST CONCUPISCENCE
THE DISCIPLE
PATIENCE, O Lord God, is very necessary for me, I see, because there are many
adversities in this life. No matter what plans I make for my own peace, my life
cannot be free from struggle and sorrow.
THE VOICE OF CHRIST
My child, you are right, yet My wish is not that you seek that peace which is
free from temptations or meets with no opposition, but rather that you consider
yourself as having found peace when you have been tormented with many
tribulations and tried with many adversities.
If you say that you cannot suffer much, how will you endure the fire of
purgatory? Of two evils, the lesser is always to be chosen. Therefore, in order
that you may escape the everlasting punishments to come, try to bear present
evils patiently for the sake of God.
Do you think that men of the world have no suffering, or perhaps but little?
Ask even those who enjoy the most delights and you will learn otherwise. "But,"
you will say, "they enjoy many pleasures and follow their own wishes; therefore
they do not feel their troubles very much." Granted that they do have whatever
they wish, how long do you think it will last? Behold, they who prosper in the
world shall perish as smoke, and there shall be no memory of their past joys.
Even in this life they do not find rest in these pleasures without bitterness,
weariness, and fear. For they often receive the penalty of sorrow from the very
thing whence they believe their happiness comes. And it is just. Since they
seek and follow after pleasures without reason, they should not enjoy them
without shame and bitterness.
How brief, how false, how unreasonable and shameful all these pleasures are!
Yet in their drunken blindness men do not understand this, but like brute
beasts incur death of soul for the miserly enjoyment of a corruptible life.
Therefore, My child, do not pursue your lusts, but turn away from your own
will. "Seek thy pleasure in the Lord and He will give thee thy heart's
desires."[33] If you wish to be truly
delighted and more abundantly comforted by Me, behold, in contempt of all
worldly things and in the cutting off of all base pleasures shall your blessing
be, and great consolation shall be given you. Further, the more you withdraw
yourself from any solace of creatures, the sweeter and stronger comfort will
you find in Me.
At first you will not gain these blessings without sadness and toil and
conflict. Habit already formed will resist you, but it shall be overcome by a
better habit. The flesh will murmur against you, but it will be bridled by
fervor of spirit. The old serpent will sting and trouble you, but prayer will
put him to flight and by steadfast, useful toil the way will be closed to
him.
The Thirteenth Chapter
THE OBEDIENCE OF ONE HUMBLY SUBJECT TO THE EXAMPLE OF JESUS CHRIST
THE VOICE OF CHRIST
MY CHILD, he who attempts to escape obeying withdraws himself from grace.
Likewise he who seeks private benefits for himself loses those which are common
to all. He who does not submit himself freely and willingly to his superior,
shows that his flesh is not yet perfectly obedient but that it often rebels and
murmurs against him.
Learn quickly, then, to submit yourself to your superior if you wish to conquer
your own flesh. For the exterior enemy is more quickly overcome if the inner
man is not laid waste. There is no more troublesome, no worse enemy of the soul
than you yourself, if you are not in harmony with the spirit. It is absolutely
necessary that you conceive a true contempt for yourself if you wish to be
victorious over flesh and blood.
Because you still love yourself too inordinately, you are afraid to resign
yourself wholly to the will of others. Is it such a great matter if you, who
are but dust and nothingness, subject yourself to man for the sake of God, when
I, the All-Powerful, the Most High, Who created all things out of nothing,
humbly subjected Myself to man for your sake? I became the most humble and the
lowest of all men that you might overcome your pride with My humility.
Learn to obey, you who are but dust! Learn to humble yourself, you who are but
earth and clay, and bow down under the foot of every man! Learn to break your
own will, to submit to all subjection! Be zealous against yourself! Allow no
pride to dwell in you, but prove yourself so humble and lowly that all may walk
over you and trample upon you as dust in the streets!
What have you, vain man, to complain of? What answer can you make, vile sinner,
to those who accuse you, you who have so often offended God and so many times
deserved hell? But My eye has spared you because your soul was precious in My
sight, so that you might know My love and always be thankful for My benefits,
so that you might give yourself continually to true subjection and humility,
and might patiently endure contempt.
The Fourteenth Chapter
CONSIDER THE HIDDEN JUDGMENTS OF GOD LEST YOU BECOME PROUD OF
YOUR OWN GOOD DEEDS
THE DISCIPLE
YOU thunder forth Your judgments over me, Lord. You shake all my bones with
fear and trembling, and my soul is very much afraid. I stand in awe as I
consider that the heavens are not pure in Your sight. If You found wickedness
in the angels and did not spare them, what will become of me? Stars have fallen
from heaven, and I -- I who am but dust -- how can I be presumptuous? They
whose deeds seemed worthy of praise have fallen into the depths, and I have
seen those who ate the bread of angels delighting themselves with the husks of
swine.
There is no holiness, then, if You withdraw Your hand, Lord. There is no wisdom
if You cease to guide, no courage if You cease to defend. No chastity is secure
if You do not guard it. Our vigilance avails nothing if Your holy watchfulness
does not protect us. Left to ourselves we sink and perish, but visited by You
we are lifted up and live. We are truly unstable, but You make us strong. We
grow lukewarm, but You inflame us. Oh, how humbly and lowly should I consider
myself! How very little should I esteem anything that seems good in me! How
profoundly should I submit to Your unfathomable judgments, Lord, where I find
myself to be but nothing!
O immeasurable weight! O impassable sea, where I find myself to be nothing but
bare nothingness! Where, then, is glory's hiding place? Where can there be any
trust in my own virtue? All vainglory is swallowed up in the depths of Your
judgments upon me.
What is all flesh in Your sight? Shall the clay glory against Him that formed
it? How can he whose heart is truly subject to God be lifted up by vainglory?
The whole world will not make him proud whom truth has subjected to itself. Nor
shall he who has placed all his hope in God be moved by the tongues of
flatterers. For behold, even they who speak are nothing; they will pass away
with the sound of their words, but the truth of the Lord remains forever.
The Fifteenth Chapter
HOW ONE SHOULD FEEL AND SPEAK ON EVERY DESIRABLE THING
THE VOICE OF CHRIST
MY CHILD, this is the way you must speak on every occasion: "Lord, if it be
pleasing to You, so be it. If it be to Your honor, Lord, be it done in Your
name. Lord, if You see that it is expedient and profitable for me, then grant
that I may use it to Your honor. But if You know that it will be harmful to me,
and of no good benefit to the welfare of my soul, then take this desire away
from me."
Not every desire is from the Holy Spirit, even though it may seem right and
good. It is difficult to be certain whether it is a good spirit or a bad one
that prompts one to this or that, and even to know whether you are being moved
by your own spirit. Many who seemed at first to be led by a good spirit have
been deceived in the end.
Whatever the mind sees as good, ask and desire in fear of God and humility of
heart. Above all, commit the whole matter to Me with true resignation, and say:
"Lord, You know what is better for me; let this be done or that be done as You
please. Grant what You will, as much as You will, when You will. Do with me as
You know best, as will most please You, and will be for Your greater honor.
Place me where You will and deal with me freely in all things. I am in Your
hand; turn me about whichever way You will. Behold, I am Your servant, ready to
obey in all things. Not for myself do I desire to live, but for You -- would
that I could do this worthily and perfectly!"
A PRAYER THAT THE WILL OF GOD BE DONE
Grant me Your grace, O most merciful Jesus, that it may be with me, and work
with me, and remain with me to the very end. Grant that I may always desire and
will that which is most acceptable and pleasing to You. Let Your will be mine.
Let my will always follow Yours and agree perfectly with it. Let my will be one
with Yours in willing and in not willing, and let me be unable to will or not
will anything but what You will or do not will. Grant that I may die to all
things in this world, and for Your sake love to be despised and unknown in this
life. Give me above all desires the desire to rest in You, and in You let my
heart have peace. You are true peace of heart. You alone are its rest. Without
You all things are difficult and troubled. In this peace, the selfsame that is
in You, the Most High, the everlasting Good, I will sleep and take my rest.
Amen.
The Sixteenth Chapter
TRUE COMFORT IS TO BE SOUGHT IN GOD ALONE
THE DISCIPLE
WHATEVER I can desire or imagine for my own comfort I look for not here but
hereafter. For if I alone should have all the world's comforts and could enjoy
all its delights, it is certain that they could not long endure. Therefore, my
soul, you cannot enjoy full consolation or perfect delight except in God, the
Consoler of the poor and the Helper of the humble. Wait a little, my soul, wait
for the divine promise and you will have an abundance of all good things in
heaven. If you desire these present things too much, you will lose those which
are everlasting and heavenly. Use temporal things but desire eternal things.
You cannot be satisfied with any temporal goods because you were not created to
enjoy them.
Even if you possessed all created things you could not be happy and blessed;
for in God, Who created all these things, your whole blessedness and happiness
consists -- not indeed such happiness as is seen and praised by lovers of the
world, but such as that for which the good and faithful servants of Christ
wait, and of which the spiritual and pure of heart, whose conversation is in
heaven, sometime have a foretaste.
Vain and brief is all human consolation. But that which is received inwardly
from the Truth is blessed and true. The devout man carries his Consoler, Jesus,
everywhere with him, and he says to Him: "Be with me, Lord Jesus, in every
place and at all times. Let this be my consolation, to be willing to forego all
human comforting. And if Your consolation be wanting to me, let Your will and
just trial of me be my greatest comfort. For You will not always be angry, nor
will You threaten forever."
The Seventeenth Chapter
ALL OUR CARE IS TO BE PLACED IN GOD
THE VOICE OF CHRIST
MY CHILD, allow me to do what I will with you. I know what is best for you. You
think as a man; you feel in many things as human affection persuades.
THE DISCIPLE
Lord, what You say is true. Your care for me is greater than all the care I can
take of myself. For he who does not cast all his care upon You stands very
unsafely. If only my will remain right and firm toward You, Lord, do with me
whatever pleases You. For whatever You shall do with me can only be good.
If You wish me to be in darkness, I shall bless You. And if You wish me to be
in light, again I shall bless You. If You stoop down to comfort me, I shall
bless You, and if You wish me to be afflicted, I shall bless You forever.
THE VOICE OF CHRIST
My child, this is the disposition which you should have if you wish to walk
with Me. You should be as ready to suffer as to enjoy. You should as willingly
be destitute and poor as rich and satisfied.
THE DISCIPLE
O Lord, I shall suffer willingly for Your sake whatever You wish to send me. I
am ready to accept from Your hand both good and evil alike, the sweet and the
bitter together, sorrow with joy; and for all that happens to me I am grateful.
Keep me from all sin and I will fear neither death nor hell. Do not cast me out
forever nor blot me out of the Book of Life, and whatever tribulation befalls
will not harm me.
The Eighteenth Chapter
TEMPORAL SUFFERINGS SHOULD BE BORNE PATIENTLY,
AFTER THE EXAMPLE OF CHRIST
THE VOICE OF CHRIST
MY CHILD, I came down from heaven for your salvation and took upon Myself your
miseries, not out of necessity but out of love, that you might learn to be
patient and bear the sufferings of this life without repining. From the moment
of My birth to My death on the cross, suffering did not leave Me. I suffered
great want of temporal goods. Often I heard many complaints against Me.
Disgrace and reviling I bore with patience. For My blessings I received
ingratitude, for My miracles blasphemies, and for My teaching scorn.
THE DISCIPLE
O Lord, because You were patient in life, especially in fulfilling the design
of the Father, it is fitting that I, a most miserable sinner, should live
patiently according to Your will, and, as long as You shall wish, bear the
burden of this corruptible body for the welfare of my soul. For though this
present life seems burdensome, yet by Your grace it becomes meritorious, and it
is made brighter and more endurable for the weak by Your example and the
pathways of the saints. But it has also more consolation than formerly under
the old law when the gates of heaven were closed, when the way thereto seemed
darker than now, and when so few cared to seek the eternal kingdom. The just,
the elect, could not enter heaven before Your sufferings and sacred death had
paid the debt.
Oh, what great thanks I owe You, Who have shown me and all the faithful the
good and right way to Your everlasting kingdom! Your life is our way and in
Your holy patience we come nearer to You Who are our crown. Had You not gone
before and taught us, who would have cared to follow? Alas, how many would have
remained far behind, had they not before their eyes Your holy example! Behold,
even we who have heard of Your many miracles and teachings are still lukewarm;
what would happen if we did not have such light by which to follow You?
The Nineteenth Chapter
TRUE PATIENCE IN SUFFERING
THE VOICE OF CHRIST
WHAT are you saying, My child? Think of My suffering and that of the saints,
and cease complaining. You have not yet resisted to the shedding of blood. What
you suffer is very little compared with the great things they suffered who were
so strongly tempted, so severely troubled, so tried and tormented in many ways.
Well may you remember, therefore, the very painful woes of others, that you may
bear your own little ones the more easily. And if they do not seem so small to
you, examine if perhaps your impatience is not the cause of their apparent
greatness; and whether they are great or small, try to bear them all patiently.
The better you dispose yourself to suffer, the more wisely you act and the
greater is the reward promised you. Thus you will suffer more easily if your
mind and habits are diligently trained to it.
Do not say: "I cannot bear this from such a man, nor should I suffer things of
this kind, for he has done me a great wrong. He has accused me of many things
of which I never thought. However, from someone else I will gladly suffer as
much as I think I should."
Such a thought is foolish, for it does not consider the virtue of patience or
the One Who will reward it, but rather weighs the person and the offense
committed. The man who will suffer only as much as seems good to him, who will
accept suffering only from those from whom he is pleased to accept it, is not
truly patient. For the truly patient man does not consider from whom the
suffering comes, whether from a superior, an equal, or an inferior, whether
from a good and holy person or from a perverse and unworthy one; but no matter
how great an adversity befalls him, no matter how often it comes or from whom
it comes, he accepts it gratefully from the hand of God, and counts it a great
gain. For with God nothing that is suffered for His sake, no matter how small,
can pass without reward. Be prepared for the fight, then, if you wish to gain
the victory. Without struggle you cannot obtain the crown of patience, and if
you refuse to suffer you are refusing the crown. But if you desire to be
crowned, fight bravely and bear up patiently. Without labor there is no rest,
and without fighting, no victory.
THE DISCIPLE
O Lord, let that which seems naturally impossible to me become possible through
Your grace. You know that I can suffer very little, and that I am quickly
discouraged when any small adversity arises. Let the torment of tribulation
suffered for Your name be pleasant and desirable to me, since to suffer and be
troubled for Your sake is very beneficial for my soul.
The Twentieth Chapter
CONFESSING OUR WEAKNESS IN THE MISERIES OF LIFE
THE DISCIPLE
I WILL bring witness against myself to my injustice, and to You, O Lord, I will
confess my weakness.
Often it is a small thing that makes me downcast and sad. I propose to act
bravely, but when even a small temptation comes I find myself in great straits.
Sometimes it is the merest trifle which gives rise to grievous temptations.
When I think myself somewhat safe and when I am not expecting it, I frequently
find myself almost overcome by a slight wind. Look, therefore, Lord, at my
lowliness and frailty which You know so well. Have mercy on me and snatch me
out of the mire that I may not be caught in it and may not remain forever
utterly despondent.
That I am so prone to fall and so weak in resisting my passions oppresses me
frequently and confounds me in Your sight. While I do not fully consent to
them, still their assault is very troublesome and grievous to me, and it
wearies me exceedingly thus to live in daily strife. Yet from the fact that
abominable fancies rush in upon me much more easily than they leave, my
weakness becomes clear to me.
Oh that You, most mighty God of Israel, zealous Lover of faithful souls, would
consider the labor and sorrow of Your servant, and assist him in all his
undertakings! Strengthen me with heavenly courage lest the outer man, the
miserable flesh, against which I shall be obliged to fight so long as I draw a
breath in this wretched life and which is not yet subjected to the spirit,
prevail and dominate me.
Alas! What sort of life is this, from which troubles and miseries are never
absent, where all things are full of snares and enemies? For when one trouble
or temptation leaves, another comes. Indeed, even while the first conflict is
still raging, many others begin unexpectedly. How is it possible to love a life
that has such great bitterness, that is subject to so many calamities and
miseries? Indeed, how can it even be called life when it begets so many deaths
and plagues? And yet, it is loved, and many seek their delight in it.
Many persons often blame the world for being false and vain, yet do not readily
give it up because the desires of the flesh have such great power. Some things
draw them to love the world, others make them despise it. The lust of the
flesh, the desire of the eyes, and the pride of life lead to love, while the
pains and miseries, which are the just consequences of those things, beget
hatred and weariness of the world.
Vicious pleasure overcomes the soul that is given to the world. She thinks that
there are delights beneath these thorns, because she has never seen or tasted
the sweetness of God or the internal delight of virtue. They, on the other
hand, who entirely despise the world and seek to live for God under the rule of
holy discipline, are not ignorant of the divine sweetness promised to those who
truly renounce the world. They see clearly how gravely the world errs, and in
how many ways it deceives.
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